The Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale (GB 1799) and Earldom of Armagh (Ireland 1799)

(both suspended 1919)

Arms of the late HRH Ernest Augustus William Adolphus George Frederick, 3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale (peerage of Great Britain), and Earl of Armagh (peerage of Ireland), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, K.G., G.C.H., a Prince of the United Kingdom, of Great Britain and Ireland, Lieutenant-General in the British Army, and Colonel in the Austrian Army.

Arms: The Royal Arms of England as borne by King George III, differenced by a label of three points argent, the center point charged with a fleur-de-lis, azure, and each of the other points charged with St. George's Cross.

Cumberland, a title long held by the Cliffords, became associated with royalty in 1644, when it was conferred by King Charles I as a Dukedom, on his nephew, Prince Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine, who died unmarried in 1682, when all his honors became extinct.

Its next creation was in 1689. In that year, George, Prince of Denmark, husband of Princess Anne, afterwards Queen Anne, was created Duke of Cumberland, but died without surviving issue in 1708.

From that time the title remained unappropriated until 1726, when it was assigned to Prince William Augustus, 2nd son of George, Prince of Wales, later King George II. William Augustus died without issue on October 31, 1765, when the Dukedom of Cumberland again fell extinct.

It was revived again in 1766 for Prince Henry Frederick, brother of King George III, when he was created Earl of Dublin and Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn. Henry Frederick died in 1790, also without issue, when the title again became extinct.

Its last revival was on April 24, 1799, when it was granted to HRH Ernest Augustus, Prince of Great Britain and Ireland, 5th son of King George III, created Earl of Armagh (Ireland) and Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale. When his brother, King William IV, died on June 20, 1837, he succeeded to the Kingdom of Hanover, owing to the operation of the Salic Law, to which his niece Queen Victoria could not succeed to the Hanover Kingdom being a woman. The Duke of Cumberland, King of Hanover died on November 18, 1851 and was succeeded by his only child.

His Majesty George Frederick Alexander Charles Ernest Augustus, 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, Earl of Armagh, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, a Prince of the United Kingdom, and General in the British Army, was King of Hanover from 1851 to 1866, when he was deposed by the Prussians with the final surrender of the Hanoverian army at Langensalza on June 27, 1866. After his disposition, he lived mostly in Paris, and married Princess Marie Alexandrine Wilhelmine Katherine Charlotte Therese Henriette Louise Pauline Elisabeth Friedrike Georgine, daughter of the Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. On June 12, 1878, the 2nd Duke of Cumberland died and was succeeded by his only son.

HRH Ernest Augustus William Adolphus George Frederick, 3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Being associated with the opposite armies as the Monarchy of Britain, on May 13, 1915, the 3rd Duke of Cumberland was struck off the Roll of the Order of the Garter. The Duke was then deprived of his British peerage titles, British citizenship, and title of Prince of Great Britain and Ireland by the Titles Deprivation Act on November 8, 1917. Lastly, on March 28, 1919, his British peerages were removed from the Roll of Peers by Order in Council. The 3rd Duke died on November 13, 1923.

His only surviving son was Ernest Augustus Christian George, reigning Duke of Brunswick-Lünburg from 1913 to 1918, died on January 30, 1953 and was succeeded by his eldest son.

Ernest August Georg Wilhelm Christian Ludwig Franz Josef Nikolaus, Prince of Hanover, born on March 18, 1914. Re-established his legal right to be a British subject in 1956. He died February 6, 1980, and was succeeded by his eldest son.

Ernst August Albert Paul Otto Rupprecht Oskar Berthold Friedrich-Ferdinand Christian-Ludwig, (HRH The Prince of Hanover), Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg, Prince of Great Britain and Ireland, Head of the Royal House of Hanover and Ducal House of Brunswick and Lüneburg since 1987; in whom is vested the right to petition for restoration of the British peerages. He holds the Grand Cross Orders of St. George, Guelph, and Ernst August of Hanover, and Order of Henry the Lion of Brunswick. Presently has residences in Germany and Austria.

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